File sharing can simply be understood as sharing files between users. It is a private or public sharing of a computer data within a network. This is the act of distributing data b/w users in a network. A user will upload or set their data under shared mode to give other permission to access to their files. Likewise, other people can download a *free* data under this concept.
P2P file sharing: In this term, P2P stands for Peer to Peer. You can understand Peer to Peer here as from person to person; however, in P2P file sharing network, peer stands for a computer system and P2P file sharing is used to distribute/share data in a network of computer system. The very interesting is that file can be shared directly between the system without the need of center server.
BitTorrent is one of the most popular peer to peer file sharing apps today. According to The BitTorrent Effect by Clive Thompson, BitTorrent is most successful p2p file sharing apps ever. It let users quickly download/share enormous amount of data or files hundreds or thousand times bigger than a single MP3. There are about 40 million downloads in 2006.
Besides that, there are many other P2P file sharing apps such as: Lucky Wire, Morpheus, Vuze
References: Clive Thompson, The BitTorrent effect http://www.wired.com/2005/01/bittorrent-2/
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